this is exactly, and i cannot stress enough just how exactly, the plot of “Don’t look up”

the ejecta themselves would definitely pose a danger, but air supply running out would probably kill you before they impact the moon.

the distance between earth and moon is already significant, the angle shown in the picture is pointing away from the moon, most of the mass would stay in the same place due to gravity pulling everything back together, the orbital path the debris has to take in order to impact is gonna take multiple orbits for most of the debris, and only a fraction will impact on the site pictured.

still dangerous, but not as immediately as one would think.

the only significant projectiles would be a small portion of the debris just off-center from the exit crater (the sort of “cork” shooting out):

• some of that mass would be going the right way
• some of it will be going the right speed to arrive in time before air runs out
• and some of that is gonna rain down roughly in the area the picture was taken at

so it would only be a fraction of a fraction of a fraction that even has a chance of coming down onto the astronaut pictured, but that’s still gonna be enough to be dangerous.

it’s also gonna take a couple days to arrive most likely; the debris is not gonna come straight at the moon, because by the time it makes it there, the moon would have moved and it would miss.

a vanishingly small fraction will move fast enough to impact on a (mostly) direct trajectory. those impactors will still take at least a couple hours, even at close to relativistic speeds, and it’ll consist almost entirely of dust and tiny micro meteorites. the fast movers have to be tiny, because anything larger would be torn apart by the acceleration.

(…actually I’m not sure any material apart from more exotic states of matter like nuclear pasta (which doesn’t exist on earth. yes, that’s an actual technical term) could even theoretically be accelerated to a significant fraction of c in the presumably less than a few seconds pictured above without being torn apart at the atomic level…and dense material experiences greater gravitational pull, so it would have a harder time reaching the moon…)

in order to impact, the vast majority of the debris would need to move on parabolic trajectories, and most of those will take multiple orbits in order to impact.

during those orbits, most debris will be pulled back onto earth, or in orbit around earth, since it’s gravitational pull is so much greater than the moons. add another fraction to the ones above ;)

we’re still missing a bunch of considerations, but I’m gonna stop here.

point is: as pictured above (apart from the impactor being impossibly dense) the danger to someone on the moon is mostly manageable and secondary to the danger of supplies running out.

probably radiation:

that kind of impact is gonna tear apart a lot of atoms and the energies involved would create high temperature plasma; basically a very big fusion bomb…

eh…given the distance and the weird orbits it’s gonna take for the debris to actually hit…a few days probably?

couple of days for the bombardment to hit the surface, and then it’s a game of statistics how long it takes for a direct hit or secondary ejecta to hit your landing site/base.

probably a better idea to take all the fun pills all at once than to wait for that…

actually, you can probably simulate this rather well in universe sandbox! ;)

thank you very much!

also: ha! i’m doing the same thing! currently at book 2 ;)

you probably already know this, but for anyone else:

The Cosmere Series (of which the Mistborn Saga is a part of) does heavily feature Sci-Fi as well as post-apocalypse themes alongside (mostly) fantasy (Sci-Fi: the sunlit man, tress of the emerald sea; post-apocalypse: Stormlight Archives, Yumi And The Nightmare Painter), which made me think OP was talking about this series specifically.

In some of the other books it is mentioned that all of the powers originally came from a being called Adonalsium (basically God). what fuels all these manifestations of powers is called Investiture. Each Shard of Adonalsium manifests different Powers, Allomancy is just one of them.

so it’s a unique mix of classic fantasy, sci-fi, and post-apocalypse genres in a single gigantic saga, in which the sci-fi and post-apocalypse themes are intentionally kept vague and in the background.

highly recommend all of the other books!

they are great in their own right, and also give a LOT of extra bits and peaces of the overall lore!

what’s best about the series is, as you’ve already explained, the “hard-fantasy/sci-fi” approach to powers: all power requires some kind of source, everything comes from something.

best to do the Stormlight Archives after Mistborn (either order works), then the rest; order doesn’t really matter, although i recommend Tress of the emerald Sea and The Sunlit Man to be read last, because they contain a lot of sci-fi lore, which is best enjoyed last (imho)

also: Stormlight Archives Book 5 is coming relatively soon, i think it’s december?

i mean you weren’t actually off on the altered carbon, it just isn’t described in as much detail, but is effectively the same thing ;)

Thirteen, also by richard morgan, features similar themes as well!

hazbin hotel is an adult cartoon musical tv show about the daughter of satan trying to establish a hotel with the aim of rehabilitating the souls of sinners so they can enter heaven.

it’s an excellent show! a lot of fun with a bunch of famous actors doing the voices/songs ;)

eh, discord started catering to people using it as a forum, so they are actively making the problem worse…

they introduced pseudo-forum channels where messages are grouped into threads, like a traditional forum…of course not indexed, and with their signature terrible “last message first” sorting, and terrible UI that doesn’t do any of the things a forum is supposed to be good at…

so yeah, discord absolutely belongs to the other awful internet diseases you mentioned, it’s not an exception…

you shouldn’t use it because it’s a black hole for information.

anything out on discord should be treated as deleted, because it inevitably will disappear one day, with no hope of recovery.

when a public forum is indexable that means that projects like archive.org and wayback machine can save the contents, even if the site itself disappears some day, meaning the information is preserved for future generations.

communities use discord way more than they should, and all that those communities create is effectively non-existent. most of it is already as good as gone.

think of modding communities, which are by far the worst offenders when it comes to discord: not only are way too many mods hosted on discord itself, way too many communities are only sort-of indexed through discord, meaning the links to where the actual files are hosted can only be accessed through discord. so even if the files survive the inevitable purge, they are lost anyways.

so many communities have already just… disappeared without warning, because the server got nuked for one reason or another, often completely idiotic reasons. and all the knowledge stored on those is gone. forever.

that’s why discord is insanely bad for the internet as a whole, but for data driven communities especially.

it would be fine if people only used it for what it was meant to do, chatting, but misusing it as a forum is where the problems begin.

it gets even worse when people insist on using it as a support channel: questions and answers are constantly buried and impossible to find, search engines can’t show you the contents, so you don’t even know that your problems even have answers, questions are constantly repeated over and over, even though they’ve already been answered, and on and on the list goes.

discord is bad for communities. it is destructive. it is insanely divisive!

there’s a trend for every single creator/author to have their own server!

so instead of having one big community, where users can easily find information and content, and creators can easily exchange ideas and concepts, you get tiny splinters that either don’t talk to each other, or don’t even realize they exist at all!

and all of that is completely hidden behind opaque “search” and “discover” algorithms that only serve what discord itself thinks the user wants.

it’s top to bottom terrible for communities, but people flock to it anyways, for all the wrong reasons.

discord is the bane of online social groups!

and the worst part is: you are absolutely FORCED to use it, because damn near everyone uses it! and there’s no alternative way to access it, you HAVE to use it! that alone should set off alarm bells!

aber “DU”, da geht noch was!

all of the words you listed that use a soft g are loanwords from other languages (pretty sure they’re all french) soooo…yeah. no wonder those have different pronunciation.

when you look at anglo-saxon words the difference becomes clear:

• gift
• graveyard
• ground
• gay

all hard g’s.

mixing up languages is the common denominator here.

the G in GIF stands for graphical, neither english nor french in origin, hence the confusion about pronunciation.

alternatively; English is a terrible mess, and the only “correct” pronunciation is reached through general consensus. if the majority pronounces something a certain way, that’s how it should be pronounced.

Orconomics (Dark Profit Saga, Trilogy) for the exact same reason!

excellent fun to read, incredibly funny!

this is not true.

it entirely depends on the specific application.

there is no OS-level, standardized, dynamic allocation of RAM (definitely not on windows, i assume it’s the same for OSX).

this is because most programming languages handle RAM allocation within the individual program, so the OS can’t allocate RAM however it wants.

the OS could put processes to “sleep”, but that’s basically just the previously mentioned swap memory and leads to HD degradation and poor performance/hiccups, which is why it’s not used much…

so, no.

RAM is usually NOT dynamically allocated by the OS.

it CAN be dynamically allocated by individual programs, IF they are written in a way that supports dynamic allocation of RAM, which some languages do well, others not so much…

it’s certainly not universally true.

also, what you describe when saying:

Any modern OS will allocate RAM as necessary. If another application needs, it will allocate some to it.

…is literally swap. that’s exactly what the previous user said.

and swap is not the same as “allocating RAM when a program needs it”, instead it’s the OS going “oh shit! I’m out of RAM and need more NOW, or I’m going to crash! better be safe and steal some memory from disk!”

what happens is:

the OS runs out of RAM and needs more, so it marks a portion of the next best HD as swap-RAM and starts using that instead.

HDs are not built for this use case, so whichever processes use the swap space become slooooooow and responsiveness suffers greatly.

on top of that, memory of any kind is built for a certain amount of read/write operations. this is also considered the “lifespan” of a memory component.

RAM is built for a LOT of (very fast) R/W operations.

hard drives are NOT built for that.

RAM has at least an order of magnitude more R/W ops going on than a hard drive, so when a computer uses swap excessively, instead of as very last resort as intended, it leads to a vastly shortened lifespan of the disk.

for an example of a VERY stupid, VERY poor implementation of this behavior, look up the apple M1’s rapid SSD degradation.

short summary:

apple only put 8GB of RAM into the first gen M1’s, which made the OS use swap memory almost continuously, which wore out the hard drive MUCH faster than expected.

…and since the HD is soldered onto the Mainboard, that completely bricks the device in about half a year/year, depending on usage.

TL;DR: you’re categorically and objectively wrong about this. sorry :/

hope you found this explanation helpful tho!

the DLC are pricey, but they’re also proper, old school expansions adding lots of content that actually enhances the game.

it’s perfectly playable without the DLC, and there’s a LOT of DLC-sized mods on the workshop!

kind of a fundamental problem with modern DLC: they generally don’t get cheaper over time (remember when that was an actual thing? not just sales, but actually lower prices for older games?).

if you keep up with the releases it’s super okay at about 20/25€ once a year, maybe twice, bur if you’re late to the party it’s a whole lot of cash all at once!

exactly why paradox introduced a subscription for Stellaris’ DLCs at 10€/month… honestly kinda worth it, if you know you’re just gonna play for a while and then move on…still wish stuff would just get cheaper at some point again…

???

except:

• lots of land
• feed (which requires a LOT of land)
• massive amounts of water
• insane amounts of antibiotics and assorted other medicine
• stupid amounts of electricity
• etc.

raising cattle on a commercial scale requires mind boggling resources!

every single study on environmental impacts of food production lists beef as the number 1 worst food source in terms of environmental impacts period.

“Raising cattle doesn’t require anything.” - yeah, in fantasy land.

in case you actually want to know the answer:

it’s the avocado being shipped. and by, like, a mile and a half. it’s not even close.

raising cattle is the single most energy, water, and CO2 intensive food production there currently is.

and your source measured the effects of one single area that cathartic theory is supposed to apply to, not all of them.

your source does in no way support the claim that the observed effects apply to anything other than aggressive behavior.

i understand that the theory supposedly applies to other areas as well, but as you so helpfully pointed out: the theory doesn’t seem to hold up.

so either A: the theory is wrong, and so the association between aggression and sexuality needs to be called into question also;

or B: the theory isn’t wrong after all.

you are now claiming that the theory is wrong, but at the same time, the theory is totally correct! (when it’s convenient to you, that is)

so which is it now? is the theory correct? then your source must be wrong irrelevant.

or is the theory wrong? then the claim of a link between sexuality and aggression is also without support, until you provide a source for that claim.

you can’t have it both ways, but you’re sure trying to.

you made the claim that the cathartic hypothesis is poorly supported by evidence, which you source supports, but is not relevant to the topic at hand.

your other claim is that sexual release follows the same patterns as aggression. that’s a pretty big claim! i’d like to see a source that supports that claim.

otherwise you’ve just provided a source that provides sound evidence, but is also entirely off-topic…

your source is exclusively about aggressive behavior…

it uses the term “arousal”, which is not referring to sexual arousal, but rather a state of heightened agitation.

provide an actual source in support of your claim, or stop spreading misinformation.